Print
aspartate transaminase
Pathways
C4 and CAM-carbon fixation (BRENDA)
:= BRENDA, 
:= KEGG, 
:= MetaCyc, 
:= SABIO-RK
:= amino acid sequences 
:= show the reaction diagram
EC Number
Reaction
Pathways
Reaction IDs
Stoichiometry Check
Missing Substrate
Missing Product
Commentary
Remark
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
alanine-oxo-acid transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
alanine transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
2-aminoethylphosphonate-pyruvate transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
2-aminoadipate transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
glycine transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
tyrosine transaminase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
glutamate-prephenate aminotransferase
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: L-alanine degradation VI (reductive Stickland reaction),L-alanine degradation V (oxidative Stickland reaction),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-alanine degradation II (to D-lactate),
L-alanine degradation III,
L-alanine biosynthesis II
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
aspartate transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
alanine transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
2-aminoadipate transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
tyrosine transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
aromatic-amino-acid transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
cysteine-conjugate transaminase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
aspartate-prephenate aminotransferase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
glutamate-prephenate aminotransferase
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
: Arginine biosynthesis,Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, PEPCK type,C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
L-aspartate degradation I,
L-asparagine degradation III (mammalian),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
L-aspartate biosynthesis,
L-glutamate degradation II,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
pyruvate kinase
ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate
: Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,Purine metabolism,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism,
Biosynthesis of amino acids
: glycolysis III (from glucose),glycolysis I (from glucose 6-phosphate),
glycolysis II (from fructose 6-phosphate),
glycolysis V (Pyrococcus),
Entner-Doudoroff pathway I,
Entner-Doudoroff pathway III (semi-phosphorylative),
gluconeogenesis II (Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum),
glycerol degradation to butanol,
Bifidobacterium shunt,
heterolactic fermentation,
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
superpathway of glucose and xylose degradation,
Entner-Doudoroff pathway II (non-phosphorylative),
photosynthetic 3-hydroxybutanoate biosynthesis (engineered),
1-butanol autotrophic biosynthesis (engineered),
Rubisco shunt,
mixed acid fermentation,
glycolysis IV
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)
(S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)
(S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+)
(S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
meso-tartrate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
D-lactate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase (NAD+)
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
hydroxypyruvate reductase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (NADP+)
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
diiodophenylpyruvate reductase
(S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+
: Citrate cycle (TCA cycle),Pyruvate metabolism,
Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism,
Methane metabolism,
Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms,
Carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Carbon metabolism
: TCA cycle IV (2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase),TCA cycle V (2-oxoglutarate synthase),
C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, NAD-ME type,
(S)-lactate fermentation to propanoate, acetate and hydrogen,
pyruvate fermentation to propanoate I,
TCA cycle III (animals),
formaldehyde assimilation I (serine pathway),
methylaspartate cycle,
gluconeogenesis I,
superpathway of glyoxylate cycle and fatty acid degradation,
TCA cycle II (plants and fungi),
TCA cycle I (prokaryotic),
anaerobic energy metabolism (invertebrates, cytosol),
reductive TCA cycle II,
incomplete reductive TCA cycle,
reductive TCA cycle I,
gluconeogenesis III,
glyoxylate cycle,
mixed acid fermentation,
malate/L-aspartate shuttle pathway
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (diphosphate)
ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP)
ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)
(S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)
(S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+)
(S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
(S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase
(S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
(S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
glyoxylate reductase (NADP+)
(S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
hydroxypyruvate reductase
(S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
malate dehydrogenase (NADP+)
(S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
Orthophosphate + Oxaloacetate <=> H2O + Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
pyruvate, phosphate dikinase
ATP + pyruvate + phosphate = AMP + phosphoenolpyruvate + diphosphate
; "show the reaction diagram")
-
-
-
: multi-step reactionnatural substrates, multi-step reaction